HYPERCHROMIC ANEMIA PRODUCED BY CHOLINE OR ACETYLCHOLINE AND THE INDUCED REMISSION OF BOTH BY FOLIC ACID OR LIVER INJECTION. THE PROBABLE MECHANISM OF ACTION OF LIVER AND FOLIC ACID IN TREATMENT OF ANEMIA

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Abstract
Significant hyperchromic anemia was produced in dogs by the subcut. injn. of 3 mg. of acetylcholine twice daily or by the oral admn. of 200 mg. of choline chloride twice daily. The daily admn. of folic acid or the injn. of liver extract to dogs with choline anemia and with anemia induced by acetylcholine caused a remission of their anemias, accompanied by early reticulocyte responses, in spite of continued choline or acetylcholine admn. Acetyl-choline-like activity, of the order of 13 [gamma] %, was present in the serum of anemic dogs at IV2 hrs. after the ingestion of liver extract. Serum cholinesterase activity, observed in 1 choline dog during anemia, was increased about 12-fold during treatment with liver. The incubation of some blood sera (from dogs or men) with liver extract or with folic acid increased their cholinesterse activities. Serum cholinesterase activity was increased in 2 human subjects by the ingestion of 5 and 7.5 mg. of folic acid. It is concluded that the important action of either folic acid or liver extract in the treatment of anemia probably is to increase the cholinesterase activity in the body.

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