Effect of alpha‐chloralose, halothane, pentobarbital and nitrous oxide anesthesia on metabolic coupling in somatosensory cortex of rat

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Abstract
The effect of various anesthetics on the functional‐metabolic coupling of cerebral cortex was studied in rats submitted to unilateral somatosensory stimulation. The regional cerebral metabolic rate of glucose (CMRglc) was measured autoradiographically using the 2‐deoxyglucose method, and somatosensory activation was carried out by electrical stimulation of the left forepaw. In animals treated with 70% nitrous oxide, 0.5% halothane/70% nitrous oxide or 40 mg/kg pentobarbital, CMRglc of somatosensory cortex did not change despite generation of primary evoked cortical potentials. Anesthesia with 80 mg/kg alpha‐chloralose, in contrast, led to a focal increase of CMRglc in the primary somatosensory cortex from 52.1 ± 18.3 to 73.1 ± 18.9 μmol/100 g/min (means ± s.d.). Metabolic activation was strictly confined to the forelimb (FL) area of somatosensory cortex, and it exhibited a laminar pattern with maximal activation in layers I, II and IV. The preservation of functional‐metabolic coupling under a surgical dose of chloralose renders this anesthetic particularly suited for the investigation of coupling processes under conditions where the experimental requirements preclude the use of unanaesthetized animals.