Sodium Dynamics and Adaptations of a Moose Population

Abstract
A “balance sheet” for sodium losses and intakes was developed for moose (Alces alces) at Isle Royale National Park, Michigan. This technique emphasized potential times of the year and avenues of sodium loss that might be limiting. a mechanism for sodium storage was proposed which involves the replacement of sodium in the salivary-rumen fluids with potassium during periods of sodium deficiency (September to May).