Techniques and Procedures for In Vitro and In Vivo Rumen Studies

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Abstract
In this review the author has attempted to discuss both in vitro and in vivo techniques for studying rumen microbial activity and function. From the standpoint of the advantages and disadvantages of the various techniques, the potential uses and in some cases the ease of manipulation, aspects of the in vitro techniques have been described in detail to allow the reader to ascertain which procedures might satisfy his requirements. Most of the in vivo techniques discussed were not described in sufficient detail to allow the reader to use them, but hopefully to enable the reader to select the techniques that might seem most useful and subsequently refer to the literature for further details. In most cases the descriptions offered by the originators of the techniques would be far more accurate and helpful than those that might be given by the reviewer. In selection of an in vitro technique, there is no substitute for logic involving the objective of the study and the interpretation which is to be made following the study. These factors must be considered fully prior to the design of the experiment. In many cases published techniques will of necessity have to be modified to satisfy the requirements of the study. To the more sophisticated biochemists some of the techniques described may appear crude and laborious when compared with the more refined biochemical methods available today. However, with the complex system that exists in rumen fermentation these techniques may well serve as a preliminary or adjunct to more refined studies. In many respects in vitro techniques lend themselves to work with radioisotopes, resting-cell and cell-free suspensions. In addition, well-developed techniques for studying bacteria in pure culture exist and can be profitably utilized in connection with some of the studies outlined above. Copyright © 1966. American Society of Animal Science . Copyright 1966 by American Society of Animal Science