Residual inflammatory risk: addressing the obverse side of the atherosclerosis prevention coin

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Abstract
Twenty-two years ago, the landmark 4S trial demonstrated that statin therapy could reduce rates of recurrent myocardial infarction, stroke, and cardiovascular death among secondary prevention patients with overt hyperlipidaemia.1 Since that time, large-scale statin trials have shown that an exceptionally wide range of patients benefit from statins, including those without evidence of underlying vascular disease or hyperlipidaemia. Yet many statin-treated patients continue to suffer from life-threatening vascular events, an issue commonly described in the clinical literature as the problem of ‘residual risk’.

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