Factors Affecting Requirements for Carbohydrate, Fat and Amino Acids

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Abstract
Factors affecting utilization of amino acids by the body were reviewed, with special reference to the needs of subjects receiving intravenous alimentation. To achieve N equilibrium in the adult subject, attention has to be paid to the total amino acid intake/day, the relationships between the amounts of different essential amino acids, the proportion of essential to non-essential amino acids, and the time of administration of essential amino acids. In addition, N balance is influenced by intake of energy-yielding nutrients in general and in a specific manner by dietary carbohydrate. Within the body, the distribution of amino acids can be affected by hormonal mechanisms; some of these hormonal actions are known to be initiated by dietary factors. Consequently, the utilisation of infused amino acids is dependent on a mosaic of interacting factors.