Characterisation of bacteria from poplars and willows exhibiting leaf spotting and stem cankering in New Zealand

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Abstract
During the unusually moist 1985–86 growing season, field grown poplars and willows exhibited on the current seasons growth, terminal and side shoot blackening, dieback, leaf spots and stem cankering. Bacteria isolated from infected tissues were: Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae, P. fluorescens, Erwinia herbicola and Xanthomonas campestris pv. populi (poplar only). Isolates of P. syringae pv. syringae alone were pathogenic to the original hosts and evoked hypersensitive responses in tobacco leaves. The remaining bacteria were non‐pathogenic and accordingly were considered to be components of the epiphytic microflora.