Viscoelastic behavior of polymer layers with inclusions

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Abstract
The viscoelastic properties of very thin layers of a composite, consisting of TiO2 particles in a polyester-urethane binder, were determined by dynamic indentation measurements. Air inclusions appear to have a great influence on the viscoelastic properties. Application of Honig, Wierenga, and van der Linden’s extended theory [J. Appl. Phys. 62, ▪▪▪▪ (1987)] to our composite with two types of inclusions, pigment and air, yields a modulus of elasticity that is in agreement with the experimental values up to a pigment volume concentration (c1) of 0.4. The experimentally found maximum in the curve of the modulus of elasticity as a function of c1 is also predicted with this model. The experiments show a more or less constant loss tangent, in accordance with the theoretical prediction that the loss tangent is independent of c1.

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