Abstract
Studies of embryology and seed anatomy of Centrolepidaceae indicate significant differences between the genera Hydatella and Trithuria on the one hand, and the major part of this family on the other. This agrees with differences in flower morphology, pollen morphology, and vegetative anatomy, and indicates that the family Centrolepidaceae s.l. is a heterogeneous taxon. Therefore, Hydatella and Trithuria are segregated into a newly proposed family, Hydatellaceae. Whereas Centrolepidaceae s.str. seem to be closely related to Restionaceae and Poaceae, the affinities of Hydatellaceae are stilt obscure.