Pathophysiological changes in urine and blood from calves experimentally infected withSarcocystis cruzi

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Abstract
SUMMARY: Two 8-week experiments were conducted to determine the relationships between nutritional stress and pathophysiological changes in male Holstein calves infected withSarcocystis cruzi. Calves were infected by oral inoculation with 200000S. cruzisporocysts. In the first experiment weight gain reduction was greatest in inoculated calves during weeks 4 and 5 after inoculation. Feed intake was reduced during the 5th week. Erythrocyte count was reduced during week 5 and haemoglobin was reduced during week 6. The 24-h excretion of urinary and urea nitrogen from the inoculated calves was increased by treatment. In the 2nd experiment, both the feed-restricted and inoculated calves lost weight during weeks 4 and 5; feed intake was lower from week 5 to 8 inclusive. Urine volume from inoculated calves was lower during week 8. Lower urine excretions of sodium and potassium resulted fromS. cruziinoculation. There was a non-significant trend for higher urinary zinc excretion in the inoculated group during week 4. Urine nitrogen excretion from inoculated calves was higher during weeks 4 and 6; nitrogen excretion from the feed-restricted group was higher during week 6. The urinary excretion of 3-methylhistidine from the inoculated calves was higher during week 4 and excretion of guanine was higher during weeks 4, 5 and 8.S. cruzihas several specific pathophysiological effects on calves beyond those induced by nutritional stress.