Tinnitus: Development of a neurophysiologic correlate

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Abstract
Although tinnitus severely afflicts 7.2 million Americans, the pathophysiology of this problem remains obscure because there presently exists no good animal model in which to study the phenomenon. We have examined changes in activity in the guinea pig auditory pathway using an autoradiographic method of functional brain mapping after short-term and long-term cochlear ablations which can, in humans, initiate the occurrence of tinnitus. With this method we have observed a reduction in activity in various nuclei in the auditory pathway between 4 hrs and 10 days after unilateral cochlear ablation. In contrast to these findings we have found a return of activity in these same nuclei if they are observed from 12 to 48 days following the lesion. These preliminary data suggest that this return of activity in the absence of sensory input may be a valid experimental analogue for tinnitus in humans. Such evidence for auditory plasticity may represent a significant first step toward understanding this common and profound otologic symptom.