Dielectric Relaxation in Substituted Benzaldehydes

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Abstract
The measurements of the relative permittivity at frequencies of 1 MHz and 9.274 GHz and of the refractive index at sodium D-line have been carried out at 30°C for o-chlorobenzaldehyde (A), m-chlorobenzaldehyde (B), p-chlorobenzaldehyde (C), o-nitrobenzaldehyde (D), m-nitrobenzaldehyde (E), and P-nitrobenzaldehyde (F), in dilute solutions of benzene, cyclohexane, carbon tetrachloride, p-dioxane and Nujol. The dielectric relaxation times for the overall rotation and the electric dipole moments for these molecules have been calculated. These results have been used to calculate the dipole moment for the internal rotations, possibly of the CHO-group, in the molecule. The results are analyzed in terms of the solute-solvent interactions for these molecules. The bonding between the hydrogen atom of the aldehyde group and the oxygen atom of the dioxane molecule seems to be fairly weak. The comparative behavior of the chlorobenzaldehydes and the nitrobenzaldehydes has also been discussed.