A revision of the genera Dirphys Howard and Encarsiella Hayat (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae)

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Abstract
Dirphys and Encarsiella are revised for the world, and include four and six species respectively. Three Dirphys and two Encarsiella species are described as new. Generic diagnoses and keys to world species of Dirphys and Encarsiella are provided, and their biology is reviewed. These genera are related to the large and economically very important genera Coccophagus and Encarsia, which between them contain about 400 currently valid species. Encarsiella was recently synonymized with Dirphys, and both have previously been confused with Coccophagus and Encarsia, adding to the difficulty surrounding the taxonomy of the latter genera. Computerized character analysis based on parsimony supports the reinstatement of Encarsiella as a valid genus and shows relationships between Dirphys, Encarsia and Encarsiella.
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