Inactivation of simian rotavirus SA11 by chlorine, chlorine dioxide, and monochloramine

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Abstract
The kinetics of inactivation of simian rotavirus SA11 by Cl, ClO2 and monochloramine (MC) were studied at 5.degree. C with a purified preparation of single virions and a preparation of cell-associated virions. Inactivation of the virus preparations with Cl and ClO2 was studied at pH 6 and 10. The MC studies were done at pH 8. With 0.5 mg of Cl/l at pH 6, > 4 logs (99.99%) of the single virions were inactivated in < 15 s. Both virus preparations were inactivated more rapidly at pH 6 than at pH 10. With ClO2, the opposite was true. Both virus preparations were inactivated more rapidy at pH 10 than at pH 6. With 0.5 mg of ClO2/l at pH 10, > 4 logs of the single-virus preparation were inactivated in < 15 s. The cell-associated virus was more resistant to inactivation by the 3 disinfectants than was the preparation of single virions. Cl and ClO2, each at a concentration of 0.5 mg/l and at pH 6 and 10, respectively, inactivated 99% of both virus preparations within 4 min. MC at a concentration of 10 mg/l and at pH 8 required > 6 h for the same amount of inactivation. [These results are relevant to rotavirus inactivation by water treatment processes.].