Metabolic Changes in Submerged Penicillin Fermentations on Synthetic Media

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Abstract
Addition of the ash from corn steep liquor to a synthetic medium consisting of lactose, dextrin, and mineral salts caused a marked increase in penicillin yields by Penicillium chrysogenum X-1612 in shake flask fermentations. If phenylacetamide also was added, yields of penicillin were even greater and were as high as or higher than those previously obtained in corn steep media. P. chrysogenum X-1612 when grown on ash media utilized sugars and ammonia more rapidly and to a much greater extent than did the same mold on the medium without added ash. Not only the synthetic processes but also the decomposition was conspicuously accelerated by the addition of corn steep ash; ammonia, non-basic N, and basic N fractions were excreted considerably more rapidly in ash media. During the disintegration of the mold, NH3 was the most abundant N compound determined. The conc. of arnino N and basic N compounds was low and amide N was either absent or present only in traces. The compounds of the non-basic fraction, however, were excreted in slightly greater amts., and more rapidly in the ash-treated fermentations than they were in ash-free fermentations. Ammonia levels always were considerably lower when corn steep ash was added to the media and in such media NH3 was almost completely exhausted during the growth of the mold.

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