Fractal Structure of Electrochemically Polymerized Polypyrrole and Growth Process as Function of Monomer Concentration, Electrolyte Concentration and Applied Voltage

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Abstract
By the electrochemical method in the needle-circle electrode configuration, polypyrrole has been found to grow with two kinds of growth patterns; three-dimensional and two-dimensional growth patterns depending on the polymerization conditions such as condition of electrolyte and monomer and applied voltage. The conditions of pattern formation are found to be classified into three regions, 3-D growth, 2-D growth and 3-D+2-D growth regions. Three-dimensional growth model has been proposed from the growth condition. Influence of protuberance at the surface on the growth pattern by the electrochemical polymerization has been taken into consideration for the understanding of the patterns. The pattern of 3-D growth has been found to be fractal in the small scale region using the density correlation function.