The ciliate Euplotes raikovi heterozygous at the mat genetic locus coreleases two individual species of mating pheromone: Genetic and biochemical evidence

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Abstract
Euplotes raikovi of the wild-type strain 13 was found to be heterozygous (mat-1/mat-2) for the genetic locus mat, which is supposed to control the mating-type specificity of freely released mating pheromones ("euplomones"), and capable of yielding the two types of corresponding homozygotes (mat-1/mat-1, mat-2/mat-2). The results of euplomone purification, performed in parallel on Euplotes of the three different genotypes, showed that the heterozygous cells corelease two mat-specific euplomones (namely, euplomone r 1 associated with mat-1 and euplomone r 2 associated with mat-2), while the homozygous cells release either one of the two types according to their genotype. The two euplomones coreleased by the mat heterozygous cells were resolved as separate molecular species present in different relative amounts (euplomone r 1, .apprxeq. 70%; euplomone r 2, .apprxeq. 30%). A closely similar degree of eccentricity in the euplomone r 1/euplomone r 2 production was again found between the two homozygous cell types. It was concluded that the alleles mat-1 and mat-2 exhibit a relationship of nondominance; the heterozygote apparently behaves as the simple combination of the two corresponding homozygotes. It was inferred that the observed quantitative variations in the production of the different euplomones maybe the result of a differential mat gene-type amplification occurring during the development of the cell somatic macronucleus.