Defect modes caused by twinning in one-dimensional photonic crystals

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Abstract
Propagation of electromagnetic waves in a one-dimensional photonic crystal with a twin-defect—a periodicity break where one half of the photonic structure is a mirror image of the other one—is studied using a transfer-matrix method. This work is done in the general framework of photonic structures composed of isotropic materials exhibiting both dielectric and magnetic properties. Both polarizations of electromagnetic waves impinging at oblique incidence on the structure are considered. We derive analytical expressions for the frequency of defect modes and for the enhancement of the electromagnetic field inside the defect. In particular, we discuss possibilities of tuning of defect levels for a photonic crystal structure with a two-layer elementary cell.