Stable longitudinal mode operation in a multiple twisted double-heterostructure laser

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Abstract
A multiple twisted double-heterostructure laser is fabricated by connecting a terraced substrate laser and a channeled substrate laser alternately. In addition to a stable tranverse-mode oscillation due to the built-in refractive index variation, a stable longitudinal-mode oscillation is achieved by interferometric effects which are caused by internal reflection at twisted parts of the composite cavity where transition in the laser structure occurs. The laser with two twisted regions shows a threshold current of 92 mA, and wavelength locking over a temperature range of more than 25 °C within which the wavelength changes at a rate of 0.6 Å/ °C.