Problems in Estimating Non-Disjunction Rate from the F-Bodies of Two-Headed Human Spermatozoa

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Abstract
The F-bodies of 2-headed human spermatozoa offer a unique potential for estimating non-disjunction rate of the Y chromosome. But there is an unexplained quantitative discrepancy: a gross deficiency of 2-headed spermatozoa with no F-bodies, relative to the numbers with 1 F-body in each head. Any estimation of non-disjunction rate would be overshadowed by this and other major factors. Two-headed spermatozoa cannot be regarded as a random aggregation of haploid heads in pairs. Each head of 25 normal-sized 2-headed spermatozoa was haploid. The distribution of F-body classes is independent of whether sperm tails are single or double. Donors with an exceptionally high incidence of 2-headed spermatozoa exist.

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