Reflected Signal Bias in Biotelemetry Triangulation Systems

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Abstract
Accuracy of 4 3-tower triangulation systems was quantified using surveyed reference points. All reference points within line-of-sight (LOS) of towers produced accurate and precise bearings, but 52% of points non-line-of-sight (NLOS) to towers produced inaccurate and/or imprecise bearings due to reflected radio signals. These data were used to test performance of the Andres, Huber, and Maximum Likelihood (ML) estimators of Lenth (1981). The Andrews estimator was more likely to fail to generate a location estimate than the Huber and ML estimators, but these latter estimators frequently generated incorrect estimates. Of those estimates generated, the Andrews estimator proved superior to the Huber and ML estimators by generating a larger proportion of conidence ellipses that included the actual radio location and by having a smaller mean distance between the estimated and true ratio location. Hoever, all 3 estimators performed poorly with confidence ellipse areas > 0.6 ha.

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