Abstract
An elementary function that is closely related to the Sommerfeld flat‐earth attenuation function is used to derive an alternative integral equation for propagation over irregular terrain. This choice of elementary function is shown to satisfy a scalar ‘parabolic’ wave equation. For the special case of a spherical earth, the integral equation yields more accurate results than previous general formulations; in addition, the integral equation is numerically feasible for both vertical and horizontal polarization.

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