The causal structure of two-dimensional spacetimes

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Abstract
The authors investigate the causal structure of (1+1)-dimensional spacetimes. For two sets of field equations they show that at least locally any spacetime is a solution for an appropriate choice of the matter fields. For the theories under consideration they investigate how smoothness of their black hole solutions affects time orientation. The authors show that if an analogue to Hawking's area theorem holds in two spacetime dimensions, it must actually state that the size of a black hole never increases, contrary to what happens in four dimensions. Finally, they discuss the applicability of the Penrose and Hawking singularity theorems to two spacetime dimensions.
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