Four Independent Antigenic Determinants on the Capsid Polypeptides of Aphthovirus

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Abstract
Four independent antigenic determinants in the foot-and-mouth disease virus capsid were defined in radioimmunoassay tests using antisera prepared against isolated structural polypeptides VP1, 2 and 3. Only 1 determinant was detected on the intact particle and it was contained within VP1 (called the VP1-A determinant). Three determinants were found on the 12S subparticle, 2 contained within VP1 (VP1-A and VP1-B determinants) and 1 contained within VP2 (VP2 determinant). The 4th determinant was contained within VP3 (VP3 determinant) and could only be detected when the virus was disrupted to individual polypeptides. The VP1-A determinant is probably epidemiologically important since it was present on the intact virion, variation at this determinant was detected with heterologous field strains, it contained a determinant responsible for the induction of neutralizing antibodies and it was an antigenic component of the trypsin-sensitive region of VP1 which was previously shown to be critically important in the immunogenicity of the virus.