Synthetic functional π-stack architecture in lipid bilayers

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Abstract
Neglected until recently, π-stack architecture is rapidly emerging as a powerful strategy to create function in lipid bilayer membranes. Recent reports describe supramolecular rosettes acting as hosts of intercalating guests, to assemble in bilayer membranes and, in the case of stacked guanosine and folate quartets, to form ion channels. The introduction of rigid-rod π-stack architecture allowed us to address one of the great challenges in the field, i.e. ligand gating. Inspiring π-stack chemistry from related fields, covering rainbow coloration, conductivity, as well as the critical dependence of charge mobilities on the precision of supramolecular organization is summarized to zoom in on arguably the most promising application of functional π-stack architecture in lipid bilayers, that is the creation of multifunctional photosystems.