Growth retardation in rats whose growth hormone gene expression was suppressed by antisense RNA transgene

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Abstract
We produced four transgenic founder rats (Fo) by introducing into rat embryos a fusion gene, which consisted of rat growth hormone (GH) promoter containing with four copies of thyroid hormone response element (TRE) and antisense cDNA sequences for rat GH. This transgene promoter directed 2.8-fold stimulation of CAT gene expression in transfected GH3 rat pituitary tumor cells compared with the rat GH promoter alone. Two of four transgenic rats expressed antisense RNA in the pituitary. Transgenic offspring (F1) from each founder rat exhibited dwarfism at as early as 3–4 weeks of age, and they exhibited ≈︁T70–85% reduced growth rate compared with their nontransgenic littermates over 56 weeks of observation. Plasma rat GH concentration was ≈︁T40–50% lower in transgenic F1 rats compared to their nontransgenic littermates. In these experiments, the pituitary hormone expression controlled in a complex manner was shown to be repressed by the antisense RNA transgene. Furthermore, the suppression of gene expression could be achieved by antisense RNA transgene in the rat as well.