The Analysis of Some Commercial Dyes and Romanowsky Stains by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

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Abstract
High-performance liquid chromatography has been used to quantitate batch variations in commercial samples of thiazine dyes, thiazine eosinates, and Romanowsky-type blood stains. It has been observed that of all the dyes and eosinates examined, only methylene blue chloride and thionin were reasonably free of their methylated, demethylated, or oxidized homologs. Large variations in composition were observed between most of the samples of each type examined. In several instances the labeled compound was a minority species. In one instance a dye was apparently mislabeled. Large compositional variation was found between various batches of Wright and Giemsa stains, whereas significant differences between the thiazine composition of these two stain types were minor. Very little compositional variation was observed between the lots of LARC™ stain examined. The thiazine composition of Ames stain was similar for the three lots examined. Ames stain, however, was found to contain several components of unknown composition which have been linked to degradation products formed when stains are aged in methanolic solution.