Determination of Volatile Organic Compounds as Impurities in Polystyrene Food Containers and Polystyrene Cups

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Abstract
Volatile organic compounds in polystyrene food containers and cups were determined using direct headspace sampling with gas chromatographic [GC] and GC/mass spectrometric analysis. Compounds which were detected in polystyrene food containers and cups included 2-methyl-2-propen-1-ol, ethylbenzene, styrene, .beta.-methylstyrene and trimethyl- and tetramethylbenzenes. Individual concentrations of these impurities in the polymeric materials were estimated as 5-270 .mu.g/g. Several impurities including styrene were extracted into water at 88-93.degree. C within 2-3 min upon contact. Variations in aqueous concentrations of styrene as a function of time in contact with polystyrene cups were reported. Maximum concentrations of styrene in hot water were 35 .mu.g/l after 15-20 min of contact of water with cups.