Studies of the Surface of Rutile Single Crystals by Means of Electrical Conductivity

Publisher Website
Google Scholar
Abstract
The surface properties of rutile single crystals were studied by the measurement of the d.c. electrical conductivity. Upon successive thermal treatments in vacuo from 25 to 550°C, the electrical conductivity on the (110) plane increased remarkable, while the activation energy decreased. The addition of oxygen decreased the conductivity according to the oxidation temperature, whereas the reduction by hydrogen above 300°C increased the conductivity greatly. The number of carriers was also determined from the measurement of the Hall effect. These results, by reference to those of the photoconductivity, were interpreted in terms of the change in the energy band structure near the surface associated with the defect centers on the surface.