The electronic spectra of matrix-isolated nickel atoms: The coexistence of the 3D3 and 3F4 ground states in Ar, Kr, and Xe

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Abstract
The electronic spectra of nickel atoms isolated in matrices of the four noble gases have been assigned in considerable detail. The associated experimental and theoretical study has unequivocally revealed that nickel atoms can simultaneously exist in two electronic ground states, 3d94s1:3D3 and 3d84s2:3F4, in argon, krypton, and xenon matrices where they also occupy at least three different trapping sites. In neon they appear to exist in one site and one state, 3d84s2:3F4, only. In argon, krypton, and xenon matrices the 3D3 is the dominant ground state. Some sites occupied by atoms in the 3F4 ground state can be annealed away, but others are found to be stable to this procedure. The effects of the matrix upon the guest atoms are briefly discussed. It is interesting that only one possible case of band splitting can be identified in the spectra though the observed blue shifts are of the usual magnitude.

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