EFFECTS IN MAN OF ACUTE EXPERIMENTAL RESPIRATORY ALKALOSIS AND ACIDOSIS ON IONIC TRANSFERS IN THE TOTAL BODY FLUIDS 1

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Abstract
Internal ionic transfers into and out of the chloride space were calculated in 5 normal subjects during and after hyperventilation for 30 minutes, and in 6 subjects similarly before and after CO2 inhalation. Intracellular H transfers were calculated on the basis of changes in bicarbonate and other buffer anions in the extracellular fluid and red cells. In respiratory alkalosis H+ left and Na+ entered cells; in respiratory acidosis the converse tended to occur. These reciprocal transfers were approximately in the ratio of H+: Na+:: 2:1, an undetermined anion being involved. Exchanges of K+were relatively negligible. Thus in acute respiratory acid-base disturbances a large part of the immediate extracellular buffering is by exchange of H+ for Na+ across cell boundaries in body tissues.