Restriction fragment length polymorphisms associated with immunoglobulin C gamma genes reveal linkage disequilibrium and genomic organization.

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Abstract
Restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLP) produced by BamHI can be used as markers for constant (C) region H chain genes C.psi..gamma. (C.gamma. pseudogene), C.gamma.2 and C.gamma.4. These RFLP were nonrandomly associated in the [human] population sample studied. Of the 8 combinations (haplotypes) of RFLP theoretically possible, only 2 accounted for a total of 88% of the 116 chromosomes examined, a value greater than the total of 25% expected from random segregation of alleles. This indicates considerable linkage disequilibrium between C.psi.y, C.gamma.2 and C.gamma.4. Quantitative assessment of the degree of association between C.gamma. gene RFLP, Gm markers and switch region RFLP adjacent to C.mu. and C.alpha.1 revealed that C.psi..gamma. is most tightly associated with C.gamma.2 (r = 0.81 and 0.95 for the 2 common haplotypes), suggesting that C.psi..gamma. maps to a position lying between C.alpha.1 and C.gamma.2. The association analysis used here should have general applicability for studying the genomic organization of other multigene families.