Ecogeografia del litoral chileno

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Abstract
Climatic, morphological and cultural factors of the Chilean littoral in terrestrial environment and the geographic and bathimetric distribution of marine littoral species are analyzed, in relation to the oceanographic conditions of the coast. Disagreements between the marine and terrestrial latitudinal zonation are explained by the special littoral morphology and the thermic anomalies produced by the currents and by the coastal upwelling. For the littoral waters, the temperatures of North Chile are markedly colder than accepted in the literature in making biogeographic analysis, due to near isotherms parallel to the coast and because the information considered does not answer the strictly littoral conditions. In relation to bathimetric distribution, the subsuperficial layers show anoxic characteristics for the benthic elements at deepest 50 m in northern Chile (distributive barricade) and extremely low salinities in the patagonic region limiting the species distribution in the superficial layers. Three littoral biogeographic Provinces are defined for the South‐Ost Pacific.

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