Status of the multiply charged heavy-ion source MINIMAFIOS

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Abstract
The principles, construction, and performance of the MINIMAFIOS electron cyclotron resonance ion source (ECRIS) are reviewed. The source can operate either pulsed, with pulse width of >50 ms, or cw, with 1011 fully stripped light ions per second and much higher amounts of lower charge state ions. The source has excellent reliability and reproducibility. It has acceptable emittance and energy dispersion. The manner of operation and adjustment of the source is very simple since it depends only on the two parameters: gas feed and rf power injected. In addition, metallic ions can be produced directly. ECRIS is well suited for injection into heavy ion accelerators and for atomic physics. Its high ion fluxes in a quasicontinuous regime are useful for numerous other applications and open new fields for scientific research with multiply charged ions. Thus, more and better sources are desired. New ideas have been proposed and new sources have been built or are under construction. We present the latest performance data of MINIMAFIOS for gaseous elements as a reference for evaluating the performance of new ECRIS in various laboratories. For metallic ions we need more experimental results in order to establish basic data references.

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