Survey of (p, d) Reactions at 22 Mev

Energy spectra of deuterons from ($p, d$) reactions on medium and heavy weight elements were surveyed. The experimental method of particle identification is described. The spectra show gross structure indicative of strong selection rules. The gross structure can be correlated with nuclear shell structure, and the levels which are most strongly excited are those which have the same shell configurations as the target with one neutron missing. Angular distributions confirm the shell assignments. This leads to a picture of the reaction mechanism for ($p, d$) reactions in which the incoming proton interacts principally with a single neutron rather than with the nucleus as a whole.