Segmental Effect of Morphine Injected into the Epidural Space in Man

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Abstract
Results of a clinical study performed to clarify the segmental effect of morphine injected into the epidural space were presented. Patients undergoing upper abdominal surgical procedures, including 36 gastrectomies and 14 cholecystectomies, were selected for the study. The analgesic effect was rated on a 3 point scale (0-2) by the criteria that the patient was: capable of deep breathing without pain (score 2); capable of deep breathing with pain (score 1); or incapable of deep breathing when so directed by the evaluating personnel (score 0). After analgesic effect in all patients were assessed, the data were collated with the solutions and levels of injection.