Locality and Causality in Hidden Variables Models of Quantum Theory

  • 6 February 1997
Abstract
Motivated by Popescu's example of hidden nonlocality, we elaborate on the conjecture that quantum states that are intuitively nonlocal, i.e., entangled, do not admit a local causal hidden variables model. We exhibit quantum states which either (i) are nontrivial counterexamples to this conjecture or (ii) possess a new kind of more deeply hidden irreducible nonlocality. Moreover, we propose a nonlocality complexity classification scheme suggested by the latter possibility. Furthermore, we show that Werner's (and similar) hidden variables models can be extended to an important class of generalized observables. Finally a result of Fine on the equivalence of stochastic and deterministic hidden variables is generalized to causal models.

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