Rate processes affected by ultrashort-pulse fields

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Abstract
In the femtosecond pump-probe pulse experiments, the pump pulse with duration comparable to or shorter than a typical vibrational period creates a nonstationary wave pocket. In this paper, we use the density-matrix method to treat the dynamic behavior of the system (embedded in a heat bath) in the femtosecond pump-probe pulse experiment. The expression for the coherence of the system due to the pumping laser is derived, and the generalized master equations for the dynamical behavior of the system after the pumping pulse is over are also obtained. Some numerical calculations are performed for a two-level system to demonstrate the time-dependent behaviors of memory kernel, rate constant, and population.