Magnetization curling in a finite cylinder

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Abstract
In order to see the variation of the magnetization state in a finite cylinder, it is assumed that the magnetization changes its direction by the magnetization curling mode in which θ is given by θ=λ(z/L)2+ν, where θ is the deviation of the magnetization in the cylinder from the z axis which is the axis of the cylinder, L is half of the cylinder length, and λ and ν are the coefficients which specify the magnetization state. Finding λ and ν which minimize the total energy ε of the cylinder, we obtain the hysteresis loops and the coercive force. The coercive force obtained in this work agrees well with the experimental results for a cylinder 2.5 μm long and a diameter from about 50 to about 130 nm. It is also found that the configurations can be stable in which the magnetizations are not along the z axis, and the hysteresis loops are not rectangular, even though an applied field is along the z axis.

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