X-Ray Photoemission Spectra of Crystalline and Amorphous Si and Ge Valence Bands

High-resolution x-ray photoelectron spectra of the total valence bands of crystalline and amorphous silicon and germanium are reported. For the crystals, the spectra yield results that are strikingly similar to current theoretical calculations of the electron density of states, $\rho \mathrm{}\left(E\right)\mathrm{}$. Amorphous Si and Ge exhibit definite band structures that are similar to one another but markedly different from the crystalline results. They agree very well with the theoretical model of Joannopoulos and Cohen.