Scattering of X-Rays from Solids

The total scattering of the $K\alpha$ radiation of molybdenum from powdered crystals of KCl, NaF, and MgO has been observed with an ionization chamber whose window subtended several degrees of angle at the scatterers. The scattering from NaF and MgO was found to be approximately the same as that neon. The scattering from KCl was found to be approximately the same as that from argon. The intensities of the diffracted portion of the scattered rays from the crystals have been calculated and found to be distributed along the $\frac{F^2}{Z}$ curves, thus agreeing with Jauncey's relation between gas and crystal scattering, $S_g=S_c+\frac{F^2}{Z}$. The sums of the diffracted intensities plus diffuse intensities have been found to follow the gas scattering curves, in agreement with Compton's formula for the scattering from a monatomic gas, $S_g=\left(\frac{f^2}{Z}\right)+\frac{(1-\frac{f^2}{Z^2})}{R^3}$. The method of measurement may be used to determine values of the structure factor for the atom at rest.