Effects of Linoleate and Dietary Fat Level on Plasma and Liver Cholesterol and Vascular Lesions of the Cholesterol-fed Rat

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Abstract
Linoleate at 0.5 and 10% levels in a 20% saturated fat diet gave good protection against the formation of atheroma in male rats over a 46-week period but did not prevent the development of some sudanophilia. A 2% level of linoleate in low and high fat diets gave similar protection for periods as long as 71 weeks. Linoleate at 0.14 and 0.15% dietary levels afforded partial protection. Soybean oil also evidenced partial protection against lesion formation. Neither vitamin A nor vitamin E at high levels showed any effect on plasma cholesterol or the development of vascular lesions. Protective levels of linoleate were associated with low plasma cholesterol and liver lipid levels. In one experiment the level of total liver cholesterol appeared to be a better index of protection than total plasma cholesterol.