Cold Storage of Oranges as a Disinfestation Treatment Against the Fruit Flies Dacus tryoni (Froggau) and Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae)

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Abstract
The presence in Australia of the Queensland fruit fly, Dacus tryoni (Froggatt), and Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann), restricts access for Australian oranges to some world markets because of plant quarantine regulations. Oranges infested with eggs, young larvae, or old larvae of these insects were stored for various periods at 1 or 1.5°C. For both insects, eggs were the stage most susceptible to cold in oranges, and no significant difference in cold tolerance was seen between young and old larvae. D. tryoni larvae were generally less cold-tolerant than those of C. capitata. The effectiveness of 16 d storage at 1.0°C (±0.5°C) against both insects was demonstrated by 100%mortality on treating more than 90,000 D. tryoni larvae and more than 40,000 C. capitata larvae in oranges.