Erica Cinerea L.

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Abstract
The general ecology and biology of Erica cinerea, an ericaceous dwarf shrub, is considered with special reference to its occurence in Britain. It is an oceanic plant and is widespread, particularly in the west, ranging from sea level to about 1000 m. It is associated with a variety of dwarf shrubs in various plant communities of the forest zone, and, although found in some woodland, is typically a plant of open areas where there are no longer trees. The typical substrate is a well-drained acid, inorganic soil but in the north and west of its range it is found on wetter organic peats. The heathland on which the species grows is commonly subjected to fire and seedling germination appears to be stimulated by a short heat shock; however, any temporary dominance is short as under sheep-grazing other dwarf shrubs are favored. The seed germination is epigeal and growth in the seedling is monopodial. Later growth is sympodial and there is a system of leading shoots bearing laterals of limited growth and persistence. The main flowering period is July and August and the flower, although long thought to be insect pollinated, is probably often self pollinated before the bud opens. Seeds are minute are minute and numerous. The plant has no serious pests or diseases. It has been found as preserved remains in peat deposits with an estimated age of 8000 years and thus has probably been present in Britain through much of the post glacial period. It first written description dates from 1597.