Chemical structure of lipid A from porphyromonas (bacteroides) gingivalis lipopolysaccharide

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Abstract
The novel chemical structure of Porphyromonas (Bacteroides) gingivalis strain 381 lipid A was determined to be a glucosamine β‐(1–6) disaccharide 1‐monophosphate acylated by 3‐hydroxy‐15‐methylhexadecanoic acid and 3‐hexadecanoyloxy‐15‐methylhexadecanoic acid at the 2‐ and 2'‐positions, respectively. The absence of ester‐linked phosphate at the 4'‐position and fatty acids at the 3‐ and 3'‐positions, and the presence of fatty acids possessing 16–17 carbon atoms are unique features, differentiating the lipid A from enterobacterial and other lipid As. These structural features may be related to its low endotoxic activity. Furthermore, P. gingivalis lipid A as well as its LPS stimulated the splenocytes from C3H/HeN and C3H/HeJ mice.

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