Eumycetoma Caused by Cladophialophora bantiana in a Dog

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Abstract
We report a case of eumycetoma due to Cladophialophora bantiana in a 3-year-old male Siberian Husky living in France. The dog presented a tumefaction on the thorax and deformity of the second and third subjacent ribs, which were surgically removed. Macroscopic black granules were visible on the ribs, and direct microscopic examination revealed their fungal origin. Cultures yielded pure colonies of C. bantiana . The identification of the causative agent was confirmed after amplification and sequence analysis of fungal internal transcribed spacers 1 and 2 and 5.8S ribosomal DNA regions. Surgery and antifungal treatment with oral itraconazole associated with flucytosine allowed apparent cure after a 10-month follow-up. Envenomation with pine processionary caterpillars ( Thaumetopoea pityocampa ) and subsequently intensive corticotherapy were considered as possible predisposing factors. This is, to the best of our knowledge, the first case in which C. bantiana is identified as the causative agent of eumycetoma.