Searching efficiency and multiparasitism inAphidius smithiandA. ervi(Hym., Aphidiidae), parasites of pea aphid,Acyrthosiphon pisum(Hom., Aphididae)
- 12 January 1990
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Wiley in Journal of Applied Entomology
- Vol. 110 (1-5) , 101-106
- https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0418.1990.tb00101.x
Abstract
Aphidius smithiandA. erviwere introduced into the United States to control aphid pests of alfalfa. Laboratory experiments showed thatA. smithiwas more efficient in searching for hosts (i.e., more hosts parasitized) thanA. ervi, when measured separately. However, when the two species searched together for the same hosts, a lesser percentage ofA. smithiadults thanA. erviemerged from the mummies. Studies on multiple parasitism which involved hosts parasitized by one species exposed to the other species indicated that larvae ofA. erviwere more competitive and survived better to adulthood than larvae ofA. smithi. These results might help explain for the decline ofA. smithiin California.Zusammenfassung: Untersuchungen zum Sucherfolg und zur Multiparasitierung bei Aphidius smithi und A. ervi (Hym., Aphidiidae), zwei Parasitoide von Acyrthosiphon pisurn (Hom., Aphididae)Aphidius smithiundA. erviwurden zur biologischen Bekämpfung von Läusen an Alfalfa in die USA eingeführt. In Laborexperimenten erwies sichA. smithials der wirksamere Parasitoid, wenn beide Arten getrennt getestet wurden. Sollten jedoch beide Parasitoide die gleichen Wirtstiere gemeinsam parasitieren, so schlüpften aus den Mumien wenigerA. smithi‐ alsA. ervi‐Adulte. Untersuchungen zum Multiparasitismus — wobei Wirtstiere, die bereits von einer Art parasitiert worden waren, der zweiten Parasitoidenart angeboten wurden — ergaben, daßA. ervi‐Larven konkurrenzfähiger waren und eine höhere Überlebensrate bis zum adulten Stadium aufwiesen alsA. smithi.Diese Ergebnisse könnten dazu beitragen, den Rückgang vonA. smithiin Kalifornien zu erklären.Keywords
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