Scanning tunneling microscopy of an ion-bombarded PbS(001) surface

Abstract
Freshly cleaved (001) surfaces of single crystalline PbS were bombarded by 8 keV Kr+ ions at a dose of 3×1012 cm2. Atomically resolved scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) images were taken showing damaged areas due to individual ion impacts. Analysis of a STM image shows a shallow impact crater, a stacking fault, displacement of Pb2+ and S2 ions from their regular surface sites, and migration of interstitials to the surface.