Determination of Common Analgesics in Serum and Urine by Liquid Chromatography/Electrochemistry

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Abstract
A reverse phase LC [liquid chromatography] method with amperometric electrochemical detection is described for determination of several common analgesics [acetaminophen, salicylate, salicylamide, phenacetin, methyl salicylate, naproxen and codeine] in blood serum and urine. The retention properties as a function of organic mobile phase modifier and pH are graphically illustrated and discussed. Electrochemical properties of the analgesics and possible internal standards are presented. Step-gradient elution was used to facilitate similtaneous determination of analgesics with a wide range of hydrophobicities. Parallel dual-electrode detection with 2 glassy carbon working electrodes enables acetaminophen to be selectively determined in the same chromatographic run at +0.75 V while several other analgesics are determined at +1.15 V.