Water regulation in the rat: Heart rate as a function of hydration, anesthesia, and association with reinforcement.

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Abstract
Heart rate of water-deprived rats was recorded before, during, and after they received stomach loads of water or hypertonic sodium chloride through chronically placed nasal tubes. Following an initial acceleration of heart rate consequent to loading per se, dehydrating hypertonic saline loads produced a slowing of heart rate, and hydratlng water loads caused a sustained increase in heart rate. Slowing accompanying dehydration was partially masked, but not eliminated, by anesthetic doses of Nembutal, whereas accelerative response to hydration was only minimally affected. When dehydrated rats were allowed to drink, heart rate immediately accelerated, but failed to do so in response to an habitually used drinking dish which did not contain water on the test occasion.

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